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Compute the Ghosh inverse from an output-coefficient matrix.

Usage

ghosh_inverse_create(output_coefficients_matrix, digits = NULL)

Arguments

output_coefficients_matrix

A technology-coefficient matrix created by output_coefficient_matrix_create().

digits

Optional integer precision for rounding. Default NULL (no rounding).

Value

A data.frame with the original key column and the Ghosh inverse in the remaining columns. If digits is provided, values are rounded.

Details

The Ghosh inverse is defined as \(G = (I - B)^{-1}\), where \(B\) is the output-coefficient matrix created by output_coefficient_matrix_create().

See the United Nations Handbook on Supply and Use Tables and Input–Output Tables with Extensions and Applications (2018, Rev. 1), pp. 622–639 (PDF).

For the analogous inverse based on input coefficients, see leontief_inverse_create().

Examples

# Minimal example
om <- output_coefficient_matrix_create(iotable_get())
ghosh_inverse_create(om)
#>              iotables_row agriculture_group industry_group construction
#> 1       agriculture_group       1.033872798     0.86116467   0.05605892
#> 2          industry_group       0.011782944     1.42917800   0.09013694
#> 3            construction       0.003700754     0.08389383   1.02893808
#> 4             trade_group       0.010318967     0.24265216   0.04839848
#> 5 business_services_group       0.011680549     0.32284302   0.08879096
#> 6    other_services_group       0.004271007     0.06261891   0.01050767
#>   trade_group business_services_group other_services_group
#> 1  0.06255558              0.04771125           0.05126741
#> 2  0.07103604              0.03825762           0.05061124
#> 3  0.04635583              0.14107965           0.05179948
#> 4  1.17840037              0.04560652           0.05948028
#> 5  0.17460288              1.41256213           0.09323763
#> 6  0.03512252              0.04657745           1.05149484

# Using the Germany 1995 benchmark table (Eurostat manual)
# data(germany_1995)
# om_de <- output_coefficient_matrix_create(germany_1995)
# ghosh_inverse_create(om_de)